TUTORIAL QUESTIONS FOR CHEMISTRY OF INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES

TUTORIAL QUESTIONS FOR CHEMISTRY OF INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES

1. State and explain the classes of raw materials used in chemical industries

2. Describe the types of chemical process you know

3. What are the important factors that influence the operating conditions of chemical industries?

4.  Using step by step chemical equations, explain the process of coal gasification

5. Give 5 examples of raw materials obtained from catalytic cracking and reforming of crude oil

6. Define the following terms;

(a). Yield                   (b).  Carbon-footprint                   (c). Pyrolysis

(d). Carbonization             (e). Polymerization               (f). Oxidation/reduction

g. Double decomposition         (h). Nitration        (i). Electrolysis

7. State the process factors that are used to evaluate the eligibility of a chemical reaction for possible application in industries

8. For decades, coal is a well known primary raw material that serves as a chief source of chemical network to different chemical industries.  State and explain an example of a primary raw material, like coal that can serve as a chemical network for different chemical industries

9. State the main sources of brine

10. Explain the methods used for the manufacture of common salt

11. Mention 5 uses of caustic soda

12. Explain the electrolytic process of brine

13. State and explain the types of cells used in the manufacture of caustic soda and chlorine by electrolysis

14. Explain the following processes used in the industrial production of soda ash;

(a). Le blanc process      (b). Solvay’s ammonia soda process         (c). Dual process

15. What is industrial process?

16. With suitable examples, describe the types of industrial processes you know

17. Mention two intermediate products and two end products from each of the following

(a). propene  (b). ethane (c). butenes   (d). benzene        (e). xylenes

18. Discuss briefly the distillation of crude oil and outline how the primary petrochemicals are obtained.

19. Mention atleast three chemicals obtained from;

a. sucrose    b. cellulose  c. sea water d. wood

20. What is percent yield?

b. Magnesium carbonate (MgCO₃) decomposed to form 15g of MgO in the actual experiment. If the theoretical yield is 19g, what is the percent yield of MgO?

MY OWN KADUNA ESSAY COMPETITION

     MY OWN KADUNA STATE COMPETITION
                             
                           
EDUCATION:
Qualitative education is the backbone of every enlightened society. It is the pride of the individual, the pride of the family and indeed the pride of nation as a whole. Access to qualitative education is highly responsible for the development of every society. A society that provides qualitative education to its people will be more progressive and highly developed. As this government is pursuing various education reforms necessary to support the implementation of first class standard education system that will accurately measure students/graduates readiness for college or career training, the education system of Kaduna state can be upgraded through:
• Providing quality education, free education and scholarships to students.
• Employing qualified teachers/tutors with at least Bachelor of Education (B.Ed), good values and professional experience.
• Provide good structure of curriculum and conducive environment for learning.
• Renovation and expansion of schools (especially public primary and secondary schools).
• Building and equipping more standard classrooms (chairs and tables), laboratories and libraries e.t.c to promote learning and research.
• Motivating teachers through enhancing their salary package, easy access to loans and training.
• Strict supervision and monitoring of teachers and funds meant for school management.
HEALTH SECTOR:
Health facilities (health centres, personnel, drugs and medical equipment) are inadequate in the state especially in the rural areas. The performance of the health sector can be improve by maintaining, upgrading, rebuilding and expanding  hospitals, primary health centres, collection and monitoring of health data, provision of essential drugs, improve on immunization programs, promote treatment of epidemic diseases, improve material, child care, family planning, educate people on prevailing health problems and the methods of preventing and controlling.
TRANSPORTATION:
The performance of roads in Kaduna state has not been satisfactory despite its enormous potentials for growth and development. The provision of standards road and transportation facilities are fundamentally important to the development of Kaduna state as well as the well being of its inhabitant. An efficient and affordable public transport system should be a major priority of this administration. Recently, roads within Kaduna states are in bad conditions due to population growth, increased number of motorists, narrow intra-city roads, poor planning of housing structure, poor road maintainance which causes traffic congestion and difficult movement within urban areas (Kaduna city). However the railway services is not efficient and the inter-city transportation (taxi and buses) is informal these are weaknesses that needs to be addressed in the development plan. These problems can be tackled through:
• Urban planning
• Expansion and construction of standard roads and bridges. Maintainance and rehabilitation of overall transport system in order to ease movement and boost socio-economic growth.
• Improving the mobility of the population as well as improving links that will be economically beneficial. A high speed rail link forms a key part of this; the purpose of the high speed railway is to link Kaduna city with Kaduna airport and other major cities.
• A new tram and/or improved bus service, including regulated services offering direct links to locations across the city.
• Development of a new ring road to ease city centre congestion, improve mobility and provide good network roads that will ease transportation from rural to urban area and vice versa.

Improving Agricultural sector:
Agriculture can be improved through the following:
Provision of fertilizer to farmers at subsidized price,
Provision of agricultural latest technology
Provision of pest control and other useful agriculture chemicals
Provision of Agricultural insurance
Rural electrification
Support large and small scale irrigation skills
Adoption of world best agricultural practices and training
Public enlightenment and training of farmers on how to use modern facilities and technology.

Industrialization and Job creation:
Industralization is critical to economic development because it equips nation with the skills, equipment and processes to make fuller and better use of its resources for greater and more diversified production and exchange. Industrialization is a way to increase the state income, to secure employment opportunities, expand market for local raw materials and a means of increasing internal generated revenue. Industries in Kaduna State can be developed through:
Privatization
Encourage private industries
Luring foreign investors to invest in the state
Nurturing and funding of small and medium industries
Providing infrastructure, enabling business regulatory and conducive environment
Promoting and supporting, development and training services in tertiary institutions
Identification of key industrial sectors
Development of a focused and clear industrial strategy
Reviving textile industries: The revival of the textile industries will play a major role in government effort to curb unemployment and low internal generated revenue. This administration should intervene and accelerate in finding possible ways to revive the textile industries through solving the problems of poor infrastructure, electricity supply, and smuggling of fake raw materials.
Employing youths that will be well trained, adequately equipped and goal driven security agents, peace corps, park rangers and traffic inspectors.
Promoting inclusive development, so that women, minorities and vulnerable populations benefit from socio-economic growth and opportunities.

ADVERT FOR PART-TIME ADMISSION INTO KADUNA STATE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF CONTINUING EDUCATION (SCE)

KADUNA STATE UNIVERSITY
SCHOOL OF CONTINUING EDUCATION (SCE)
APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION INTO SCHOOL PART-TIME DEGREE PROGRAMMES FOR THE 2017/2018 ACADEMIC SESSION
In consideration of the need to increase accessibility and alternative ways of learning in the State and the country at large, Kaduna State University is giving candidates the opportunity to apply for Degree Programmes on part-time basis. These approved part-time programmes are for duration of five (5) years. The programmes are listed below:
I. B.Sc Accounting
II. B.Sc Business Administration
III. B.Sc Criminology
IV. B.SC Economics
V. B.Sc Geography
VI. B.Sc International Relations
VII. B.Sc Political Science
VIII. B.Sc Sociology
ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS:
1. 100 Level Admission;
• A minimum UTME Score of 170 in the last UTME examinations (2017)  with the appropriate subject combinations, regardless of first choice of institution.
• 5 relevant O’ Level credit passes (including English and Mathematics) obtained in not more than 2 sittings from any approved examination bodies.
2. Direct Entry Candidates (200 Level);
• Applicants are expected to be matured candidates of at least 25 years as at January 2017.
• Possess recognized Advanced Level qualifications in areas relevant to the interested programme. Such qualification include: General Certification of Education (GCE) ‘A’ Level, Interim Joint Matriculation Board (IJMB) certificate (with minimum of 6 points), National Diploma (ND), Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE), and any other equivalent and relevant qualification (s).
• Possess 5 relevant O’ Level credit passes (including English and Mathematics) obtained in not more than 2 sittings from any approved examination bodies.

METHOD OF APPLICATION:
Interested candidates should log into Kaduna State University School of Continuing Education portal (sce.kasu.edu.ng) and follow the procedures below:
• Create your profile by using your correct e-mail address and password
• Continue your registration by logging in with your profile details, fill the application form, and submit.
Note:
• The University will not enter into correspondence with any candidate on its decision.
• Candidates offered provisional admission will be required to present their original credentials at the point of screening and registration.
• Admission form is FREE.
• Candidates are expected to pay the sum of N2,000.00 (Two Thousand  Naira only) as screening fees. Payment should be made online using any acceptable debit (Visa, Verve and Master) card or through any commercial bank for the payment to the understated account;
Revenue Code – 12040673
• The closing date is FRIDAY 9, MARCH 2018.

Signed:
Samuel S. Manshop
Registrar.

BAYERO UNIVERSITY, KANO ADVERT FOR PART-TIME DEGREE APPLICATION

BAYERO UNIVERSITY, KANO
SCHOOL OF CONTINUING EDUCATION (SCE)
APPLICATION FOR ADMISSION INTO PART-TIME DEGREE PROGRAMMES

Applications are invited from qualified candidates for Direct Entry Admission into the following Part-Time Degree Programmes for the 2017/2018 Session •

DEPARTMENT OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES
B.A. Arabic
B.A. English
B.A. Hausa
B.A. Islamic Studies

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
B.A. (Ed) Arabic
B.A. (Ed) English
B.A. (Ed) Hausa
B.A. (Ed) Islamic Studies
B .Ed. Adult Education
BLS Library Science
B.Sc. (Ed) Economics
B.Sc. (Ed) Geography
B.Sc. (Ed) Mathematics
B.Sc. Health Education

DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCES
B. Nursing Science
B.Sc. Geography
B.Sc. Mathematics

DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND ADMINISTRATION
B.Sc. Accounting
B.Sc. Banking and Finance
B.Sc. Business Administration
B.Sc. Criminology and Security Studies
B.Sc. Economics
B.Sc. International Relations
B.Sc. Mass Communication
B.Sc. Public Administration

ENTRY REQUIREMENTS
Applicants for admission into the programmes must satisfy the following conditions:

A. Possess a recognized Advanced Level qualification(s) in an area relevant to the programme of choice. Such qualification(s) include(s) National Diploma (ND), Nigeria Certificate of Education (NCE), Interim Joint Matriculation Board (IJMB) – (with a minimum of 6 points), Nursing Certificate, Diploma in Health Education, Diploma in Community Health, Diploma in Environmental Health, General Certificate of Education (GCE) ‘A’ Level and any other equivalent and relevant qualification (s).

B.  Possess a minimum of five ‘O’ Level Credits in relevant subjects, including English Language.

C.  Must be 25 years and above.

D.  In addition, applicants for admission into B.Sc Accounting, B.Sc Business Administration, B.Sc Mathematics, B.Sc (Ed) Mathematics, and B.Sc (Ed) Economics must also have credits in ‘O’ Level Mathematics, while candidates for B.Nursing Science and B.Sc. Health Education must have credits in English Language, Mathematics, Biology, Chemistry and Physics. Candidates with ‘O’ Level qualification will not be considered.

APPLICATION PROCEDURE

Step –  1-  Applicant should visit www.buk.edu.ng and under the PART-TIME DEGREE STUDENTS click Application Forms at the homepage. Login using your NAME and Select “Applying for a Part-Time Degree Programme”.

 Step – 2 - Personalized Payment Invoice will be sent immediately into your email inbox. The invoice is to be printed and taken to any branch of the Banks written therein to make a non-refundable payment of N10,500.00 (Ten Thousand Five Hundred Naira) only.

Step – 3 - Return to www.buk.edu.ng and login to fill in the Application Form. Fill in the personal data form, qualification form, and programme selection form.

 Step – 4 - Review your forms to ensure the accuracy of all the information you have provided. Click ‘SUBMIT’ to complete the application process.

Step – 5 - An auto-generated Acknowledgement Slip will be sent immediately into applicant’s mail box. Print the Slip and keep it safe. The Slip will be needed during the collection of Admission Letter and During Registration.

Payment at the Bank opens Monday 30th January, 2018 and Closes Monday 31st March, 2018. For inquiries or difficulties in applying, emails should be sent to application.pt@buk.edu.ng .

Signed
Professor Salisu Shehu
Dean, School of Continuing Education

The first private medical university in Nigeria, PAMO University of Medical Sciences (PUMS), Port Harcourt, has commenced undergraduate admission for its first batch of applicants for the 2017/2018 academic year.

 The university which was recently licensed by the federal government, is the first full-fledged private medical university in the country.

The take-off faculties are: Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences and Faculty of Clinical Sciences.


Suitably-qualified candidates are invited for screening and admission into undergraduate degree programmes in the two faculties.

The programmes include Anatomy, Biochemistry, Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Pharmacology and Physiology for Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences as well as Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (MBBS) for the Faculty of Clinical Sciences.

A statement by the Registrar of the institution, W.U.G. Imoedemhe, said applicants are expected to have five credit passes at SSCE (or equivalent) in relevant subjects (Physics, Chemistry, Biology, English Language and Mathematics), at not more than two sittings and, must have scored 200 and above in the 2017/2018 Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) in relevant subjects.

 The statement said interested applicants who have applied for the Joint Admissions Matriculation Board (JAMB) for admission and wish to change their first choice to PUMS are required to apply for Change of Institution through JAMB and then apply online at www.pums.edu.ng to participate in the screening/clearance exercise.

 It added that application form should be completed online through the university website www.pums.edu.ng.

PTDF SCHOLARSHIP OPPORTUNITIES

PETROLEUM TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FUND SCHOLARSHIP

 Strategic Partnership Scholarship
The Strategic Partnership Scholarship was developed to improve the Funds’ Overseas Scholarship Scheme by offering candidates the opportunity to benefit from a diversified pool of knowledge and the facilities offered by world-class institutions across the globe. In recognition of the fact that the best education can be found on numerous shores, the Fund has sought out strategic partnerships in Germany, France and China where candidates are offered the opportunity to study in English-taught classes and conduct research in world- class facilities where they will also have the opportunity of experiencing new cultures and work environments.        Under this scheme, candidates are invited to apply through PTDF to specific programmes at the partner institutions in any of the three countries (full list of sponsored courses is available below). The award includes the provision of flight tickets, payment of health insurance, payment of tuition and bench fees (where applicable) as well as the provision of allowances to meet the costs of accommodation and living expenses. The programmes will also include language classes to aid scholars settle into their new environments. Please note that the Fund will be responsible for obtaining admissions for the candidates to their selected programmes.

Application Process
Application Forms can be obtained via this link http://ptdf.4flexisaf.com/#landing-page   .However applicants are advised to read through the requirements below before applying.    

Selection Process, Criteria & Requirements

PTDF scholarships are highly competitive and only candidates who are outstanding across the board are selected. A selection committee will be constituted to assess applications using the following criteria; Academic merit as evidenced by quality of degrees, full academic transcripts, other professional qualifications acquired, and relevant publications to be referenced by applicant (PhD applicants only) Membership of professional bodies

The viability of the study/research plan. Applicants are required to make a case for their scholarship by submitting a statement of purpose (maximum 500 words) stating the reason(s) they want to undertake the study, the relevance of the proposed study to the industry and its expected impact on national development.  

Requirements
MSc 1. A minimum of Second Class Upper (2.1) qualification in their first degree or a Second Class Lower (2.2) with relevant industry experience 2. Must have completed the mandatory National Youth Service (NYSC) 3. Must be computer literate 4. Possession of 5 O/level credits including English Language.

PhD
1. Must have completed the mandatory National Youth Service (NYSC)
2. Must be computer literate
3. A minimum of Second Class Lower (2.2) in their first degree and a good second degree certificate;
4. Must submit a research proposal relevant to the oil and gas industry (of not more than 5 pages) to include: Topic, introduction, objective, methodology and mode of data collection;
5. Applicants must also include their masters degree project*Candidates who successfully scale through the first round of screening will be requested to submit their transcripts; all applicants are therefore advised to prepare their transcripts for submission in anticipation of such a request.
PLEASE NOTE THAT THE CLOSING DATE FOR APPLICATIONS IS FOUR (4) WEEKS FROM THE DATE OF THIS PUBLICATION.

LIST OF APPROVED COURSES FOR SPONSORSHIP
Candidates may select up to 3 different courses (1st ,2 nd and 3rd choice) in any country or university, but are not to contact the schools directly for admissions as they will be placed in relevant universities by the PTDF    

FOR CHINA
China University of Petroleum, Beijing MSc (3 years)
1. Chemical Engineering and Technology
2. Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering
3. Environmental Engineering
 4. Geological Resources and Geological Engineering
5. Management Science and Engineering

PhD (3 years)
1. Chemical Engineering and Technology
2. Environmental Chemical Engineering
3. Oil-Gas Storage and Transportation Engineering
4. Thermal Energy Engineering
5. Material Science
6. Management Science and Engineering

Xian Shiyou University MSc (2 years)
1. Oil-Gas Well Engineering
2. Oil-Gas Field Exploitation Engineering
3. Earth Exploration & Information Technology
4. Mineralogy, Petrology and Ore Deposit Geology
5. Geological Engineering
6. Chemical Techniques
7. Chemical Engineering
8. Industrial Catalysis

Jilin University PhD (3 years)
1. Groundwater Science and Engineering
2. Environmental Science and Engineering

Changchun University of Science & Technology (CUST) MSc (2 years)
1. Computer Technology
2. Software Engineering
3. Mechanical Engineering

PhD (3 years)
1. Electronic Science & Technology
2. Material Science & Engineering
 3. Computer Science & technology
 4. Information & Communication Engineering
5. Mechanical Engineering

China University of Geosciences, Wuhan MSc (2 years)
1. Oil and Natural Gas Engineering
2. Envrionmental Engineering

PhD (3 Years)
1. Oil and Natural Gas Engineering
2. Environmental Engineering
3. Petroleum & Gas Storage & Transportation Engineering            

FOR GERMANY
MSC (2 years)
1 Experimental Geosciences Bayreuth University
2 Marine Geoscience Bremen University
3 Process Engineering and Energy Technology HS Bremerhaven
4 Electrical Engineering HS Darmstadt 5 Electrical Engineering HS Kempten
6 Materials Science and Engineering Kiel University
7 Geophysics LMU Munich
8 Geospatial Technologies Muenster University
9 Electrical Engineering Rostock University
10 Environmental Sciences Trier University
11 Process, Energy, and Environmental Systems Engineering TU Berlin
12 Petroleum Engineering TU Clausthal
13 Research in Computer & Systems Engineering TU Ilmenau
14 Applied & Environmental Geoscience Tuebingen University
15 Power Engineering TUM 16 Energy Science and Technology Ulm University                                                

PHD (3 years)
Geology and Petroleum Geology
1. TU Clausthal (Clausthal University of Technology)
2. University of Cologne
3. University of Göttingen
4. Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich

Civil and Marine Engineering (Marine Geosciences)
1. Kiel University
Renewable Energy
1. Kiel University
 2. University of Oldenburg
Reservoir Engineering/Production Technology
1. TU Clausthal (Clausthal University

FOR FRANCE

French Institute of Petroleum (IFP)

MSc (2 years)
1. Energy and products
2. Energy and markets
3. Petroleum Economics and Management
4. Energy and Processes
5. Processes and Polymers
6. Petroleum Geosciences
7. Reservoir Geoscience and Engineering
8. Petroleum Engineering and Project Development
9. Petroleum Data Management

University of Grenoble

MSc (2 years)
1. Applied Mechanics
2. Civil Engineering
3. Mechanical Engineering
4. Fluid Mechanics and Energetics
5. Advanced Mechatronics
6. Environmental Fluid Mechanics
7. Chemistry
8. Biochemistry
9. Polymers for Advanced Technology                                                               University Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC)

MSc (2 years)

1. Master of Physics and Applications
2. Master of Engineering
3. Master of Chemistry
4. SDUEE specialty Ocean, Atmosphere, Climate and
Remote Sensing
5. Informatics specialty Networks
6. Fluid mechanics, foundations and applications

PhD (3 years)

1. Physical and analytical chemistry
2. Mechanical Engineering
3. Environmental sciences
4. Geosciences, natural resources and environment
5. Process Engineering                                                                University of Lyon MSc (2 years)
1. Synthesis, Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry 2. Instrument Development for Micro and Nanotechnologies 3. Renewable Energy and Efficient Management of Electrical Energy
PhD (3 years)
1. Materials 2. Chemistry; Environment; Processes. 3. Computer Science and Mathematics 4. Physics and Astrophysics 5. Electronics, Electrical Engineering, Automation 6. Mechanical Engineering, Energetics, Civil Engineering and Acoustics 7. Materials and process engineering                                     KEY STUFF

1. Deadline of application is 4 weeks from now

2. Candidates with minimum of 2.2 in a related discipline can apply for MSc

3. Candidates with minimum of 2.2 in their BSc and Merit i.e PhD grade in their MSc can apply for PhD.

4. Candidates may select up to 3 different courses (1st ,2
nd and 3rd choice) in any university in either China, Germany and France

5. PTDF will secure admission fo
r the successful in the universities hence candidates are not to contact the schools.

2017/2018 2nd BATCH KASU UNDERGRADUATE ADMISSION LIST IS OUT

UPDATE:
Second Batch of Kaduna State University UTME Admission for 2017/2018 Academic Session is released.

To view:

Input your JAMB Registration number http://www.putme.kasu.edu.ng/admlist.php and search.

Congratulations to successful applicants!!!